The pancreas produces pancreatic juice, rich in enzymes, for breaking down and then digesting food.If the pancreatic ducts are blocked, the enzymes produced are delayed and begin to break down the organ itself, leading to inflammation and pancreatitis.Pancreatitis is a common disease in the modern world.A person who leads an unhealthy lifestyle is more susceptible to disease than others: smoking, alcohol abuse and eating fast food.The causes of the disease are different:
- Drinking alcohol.
- Poor nutrition, overeating.
- Abdominal injuries.
- Infectious diseases of the digestive system.
- Gallstone disease.
- Parasites.
- Taking certain medications and allergic reactions.
- Complications after surgery (approximately 5%).
It is necessary to eliminate the factors that influence the development of the disease.In special cases, when pancreatitis is the result of an injury or some other disease, for example, gallstones, healing is possible.
Basic nutrition for pancreatitis
Unfortunately, it is often impossible to cure completely, but there are possible chances to stop the destruction of the pancreas and try to reduce the recurrence.Nutrition for pancreatic pancreatitis is of great importance.The acute condition is relieved by medication;Dietary nutrition remains the main concern.
The basic principle of nutrition in pancreatitis is not to burden the pancreas.Try to reduce enzyme production.Food should be easily digestible without causing fermentation.You must eat often, in small portions.A smaller proportion means less burden on the diseased organ.During an exacerbation, frequent split meals are excluded.The less and less often he eats, the better.Meal breaks reach 12 hours.Warm, soft food is welcome for pancreatitis.
It is important for a patient with pancreatitis to study in detail what categorically should not be consumed, what foods should be avoided during pancreatitis and what foods may be eaten.
Authorized products
- Dried bread or crackers.
- Dietary meat: lean beef, rabbit, white part of chicken and turkey.
- Dairy products: milk, slightly sour cottage cheese and yogurt.It is necessary to monitor the fat content in the product.Fresh cheese no more than 2%, preferably low fat.It is recommended to exclude fermented baked milk, sour cream and cream.
- Lean fish.Preferably cod.
- Cereals and any pasta.
- Vegetables that do not cause strong gas formation.Carrots, potatoes, beets, pumpkins, zucchini.
- Fruits: exclusively green apples, pears, bananas, avocados, dates.It is recommended to bake the fruit.
- Weak teas, dried fruit or berry compotes.
Prohibited products
- Alcohol.Even low-alcohol drinks will have to be completely excluded during the diet!
- Chocolate, sugar, desserts, cakes, pastries, pastries and other products that contain a lot of sugar.
- Pork and red fish.
- Spices, spices, salt, dried meat.
- Fermentable vegetables: white cabbage, radishes, onions, garlic, spinach, radish.
- Fruits: grapes, red apples, citrus fruits, peaches, plums.
- Coffee, strong black or green tea, cocoa, carbonated drinks, packaged juices.
- Cereals and cereals: millet, pearl barley, corn.
- Legumes, mushrooms, nuts.
Minor relaxations are allowed during the remission period.For example, it is acceptable to drink weak coffee with milk.For dressing, use low-fat sour cream, olive or linseed oil.
Soups that stimulate gastric secretion are not recommended for pancreatitis.However, outside of exacerbation, it is allowed to eat soups with vegetable broths.A spoonful of honey for dessert won't hurt.
Despite the limited variety of food products for pancreatitis, a well-designed menu makes the diet varied.
Type of pancreatitis and nutrition
Pancreatitis is classified according to the nature of the disease:
- Acute pancreatitis.
- Chronic pancreatitis.
Depending on the type, the appropriate treatment and diet prepared by the doctor are prescribed.
Acute pancreatitis is treated in a hospital setting.This is a serious condition and can be fatal without immediate medical attention.In addition to the performed surgical intervention, in the case of acute pancreatitis, the following conditions must be observed:
- Bed rest.
- Depression of pancreatic function.
- Drug treatment.
- Starvation diet.
During exacerbation of pancreatitis, fasting is indicated.A fasting diet can last up to three days.A person should drink 1.5-2 liters of liquid - mineral water will be enough, gas must be released, weak black or green tea or rosehip infusion, only pure water.If the patient's condition is severe, the fast is extended to seven days, nutrients are administered intravenously.
The diet for acute pancreatitis immediately after fasting should be gentle.Oatmeal, slimy soups and boiled rice are allowed.The basic rule during an exacerbation is to introduce food gradually.In the first days, the food is low-calorie, slimy and does not irritate the gastrointestinal tract.Volume and calorie content increase as recovery progresses.
After the acute phase, the disease becomes chronic.Chronic pancreatitis is characterized by low inflammation and periodic pain.Attacks are triggered by alcohol consumption and irritating foods.
In order to prevent frequent relapses and reduce pain, the diet for pancreatic pancreatitis should remain lifelong.The diet must contain proteins of plant and animal origin.But the amount of fat is reduced to the limit.Handle carbohydrates with care.The diet for chronic pancreatitis has been carefully developed so that, despite the meager permitted list of foods, the patient receives the necessary nutrients.In addition, vitamins can be prescribed.
Therapeutic diet for pancreatitis
How to eat properly during pancreatitis so as not to damage the pancreas?
Soviet doctors also developed a special therapeutic diet for patients with pancreatitis.It is called Pevzner's diet no.5. And although diet therapy has changed over the years, therapeutic nutrition for pancreatitis is still based on diet no.5. In case of deterioration, the Pevzner diet no.5 p.
Diet for chronic pancreatitis is quite varied.Diet number 5 allows milk and doctor's sausages.Although, given the modern reality, it is better to refuse sausages.If you want, try making your own sausages.In the beginning, before diet food becomes a habit, it is better to make a menu for the week and buy the necessary products according to the list.Unnecessary trips to the store should be avoided, anticipating the possibility of buying a prohibited product.
Weekly menu for pancreatitis
First day:
- Breakfast: finely ground oatmeal, boil until viscous.Weak green tea.
- Snack: yogurt.
- Lunch: mashed potatoes with steamed turkey cutlets, berry compote.
- Snack: Baked green apple.
- Dinner: Pumpkin porridge with semolina, weak black tea.
- Before going to bed: low-fat cottage cheese.
Second day:
- Breakfast: omelette steamed or in the oven, rose hip infusion.
- Snack: Boiled carrots with a minimum amount of oil.
- Lunch: pureed vegetable soup.Crackers.Add a tablespoon of vegetable oil.Dried fruit compote.
- Snack: Sandwich with cheese, weak green tea.
- Dinner: boiled cauliflower, steamed fish fillet.Top with 10% sour cream.
- Before going to bed: yogurt.
Day Three:
- Breakfast: rice porridge with milk, boiled rice, milk diluted with water.Weak black tea.
- Snack: Cottage cheese casserole, prepared with semolina.Add a spoonful of honey.
- Lunch: pasta and meatballs steamed from lean beef.Dried fruit compote.
- Snack: Baked pear.
- Dinner: Buckwheat milk soup.Green tea.
- Before going to bed: yogurt.
fourth day:
- Breakfast: oatmeal, black tea.
- Snack: Boiled or roasted beets.
- Lunch: vegetable stew with steamed chicken fillet, pomegranate.
- Snack: lean bun, jelly.
- Dinner: Vermicelli milk soup.
- Before going to bed: kefir.
fifth day:
- Breakfast: Steamed omelette, black tea.It is convenient to cook an omelette in a bag.Pour the raw mixture into a food bag, tie it and place it in boiling water.The omelette will cook much faster than steam, without losing its properties.
- Snack: yogurt.
- Lunch: Vegetable soup with meatballs (meatballs are prepared separately), compote.
- Snack: Sandwich with butter and avocado, pomegranate.
- Dinner: buckwheat with steamed cutlets, jelly.
- Before going to bed: low-fat cottage cheese.
sixth day:
- Breakfast: semolina porridge boiled in water, weak coffee with milk.
- Snack: green apple fruit jelly.
- Lunch: pumpkin puree soup, you can add a little milk, compote.
- Snack: yogurt.
- Dinner: Rice with turkey or chicken fillet, pomegranate.
- Before going to bed: fruit jelly.
seventh day:
- Breakfast: buckwheat milk soup.Milk preferably diluted.
- Snack: banana.
- Lunch: Vermicelli, steamed rabbit cutlets, compote.
- Snack: Cottage cheese casserole, a teaspoon of honey.
- Dinner: steamed vegetables, tea.
- Before going to bed: yogurt.
An approximate menu for chronic pancreatitis is described;it is possible to expand the list of allowed products.The main thing is to comply with the conditions:
- It is recommended to eat food from the region where you live.Exotic fruits and vegetables are not good for you;they are brought to greengrocers.
- Compotes are prepared from dried fruit with the addition of berries: cranberries, blueberries, black currants.You should not drink fruit juice often.Remember - the concentration of the drink is higher than the compote, and it can irritate the mucous membrane.
- Products that undergo heat treatment must be boiled or steamed.Vegetables and fruits are eaten exclusively in cooked form.
- Products for pancreatitis must be fresh and of high quality.The body of a healthy person is able to cope with sour cottage cheese or week-old soup.Such a diet during pancreatitis will cause the disease to worsen.
Weekly menu for pancreatitis after exacerbation
After an exacerbation, it is necessary to carefully introduce food, starting with a small amount of calories, gradually increasing to normal.The food in the first week is bad.After eating, you need to monitor your condition;if it worsens, be sure to consult a doctor.
First day after fasting:
- Dried bread and jelly.
- Continue to drink plenty of fluids.
Second day:
- Slimy rice soup.
- Dried bread or crackers.
- Weak black tea, rosehip infusion, jelly.
- Continue to drink plenty of fluids.
Day Three:
- Breakfast: Oatmeal, thin, slimy consistency, boiled in water.
- Lunch: Liquid mashed potatoes.
- Dinner: double-baked bread.Weak black tea or rosehip tea.
fourth day:
- Breakfast: semolina porridge on water.
- Lunch: Liquid mashed potatoes.
- Dinner: biscuits.Kissel.
fifth day:
- Breakfast: buckwheat milk soup.
- Lunch: Potato and carrot vegetable puree.
- Dinner: biscuits.Compote.
sixth day:
- Breakfast: Protein omelette.
- Lunch: slimy rice soup.
- Dinner: Pumpkin and zucchini vegetable puree.Black tea.
seventh day:
- Breakfast: Oatmeal cooked with diluted milk.
- Lunch: vegetable stew, steamed turkey meatballs.
- Dinner: low-fat cottage cheese.Green tea.
- Before going to bed: oatmeal jelly.
- Gradually, during 10-14 days, there is a return to the basic diet.
Consequences of not following the diet
If a person neglects his condition and does not observe proper nutrition during pancreatitis, such behavior is fraught with constant deterioration.Chronic recurrent pancreatitis is a dangerous condition of the pancreas.The constantly advancing disease increases the surface area of cell damage, leads to complete atrophy of organs and the development of accompanying diseases - cholecystitis, peptic ulcer, threatening diabetes and pancreatic cancer.
Nutrition of patients with pancreatitis is the basis for a long and quality life.