This unpleasant and even dangerous disease is considered the most popular pathology of the gastrointestinal tract among modern people. Often it is due to a violation of the diet, but the wrong products themselves can cause its development. Diet for gastric gastritis is as important as drug treatment, and sometimes it is almost the only way to normalize the work of the gastrointestinal tract and prevent the disease from developing into a more dangerous and/or painful form.
What is gastritis?
Gastritis is an inflammatory process that develops on the lining of the stomach. Due to its improper functioning, disturbances in the digestion process occur, various negative effects develop, and the mucous membrane itself gradually becomes thinner.
The cause of the disease can be many different factors that are no stranger to a modern, full-time employee. Rushing during meals, grasping and poorly chewing hot or cold food, consumption of low-quality or harmful food, fast food, fatty, salty and smoked food in unlimited quantities, systematic disorders in nutrition - all this can cause gastritis. In addition, insufficient amounts of protein and vitamins in food, long-term use of certain drugs, constant stress, smoking and reckless excessive consumption of alcohol become risk factors.
Dietary rules for gastritis
A properly organized diet plays a big role in the treatment of this disease. It is very important to know the rules and follow all the subtleties of the diet for gastritis with high or low acidity, which was compiled by the doctor. There are a few simple and clear rules that you must follow:
- All food must be thoroughly chewed, you cannot swallow food in pieces.
- It is recommended to organize a daily routine and eat by the hour. Ideally, meals should be fractional and portions should be small. It is better to eat 5-6 times, in portions of 200-250 grams, than three times of 500-600.
- You should leave 2. 5-3 hours between meals and it is better to make the same intervals, if possible.
- Food should always be warm, not hot or cold. The wrong temperature irritates the walls of the stomach, causing even more inflammation.
- You should stop eating raw food. It is better when they are thermally processed, even when it comes to vegetables and fruits.
In addition, it is very important that the products are always fresh; cooking for future use in gastritis is undesirable and even dangerous.
What can you eat for gastritis
- Stale bread, pastries and pastries in general.
- Boiled, steamed, boiled or baked (skinless) vegetables.
- Porridge made from crushed grains in milk or water (rice, oatmeal, semolina, buckwheat).
- Low-fat varieties of fish.
- Uncooked lean meat and poultry (chicken, turkey, rabbit, veal).
- Non-acidic fruits, dishes made from them (apples, bananas, pears).
- Milk and milk products with low fat content (up to 1. 5%).
- Vegetables and butter (no more than 20-30 grams per day).
- Lozenges, marshmallows.
- Natural honey (40-50 grams).
- Eggs steamed, as part of a meal or boiled (2 pieces per day).
For gastritis, it is very important to follow a proper drinking regime. It is necessary to consume 1. 5-2 liters of liquid per day, including juices, compotes and even soup. It is allowed to drink mineral water of the appropriate composition as recommended by the doctor.
What not to eat with gastritis
- Smoked meat and sausages.
- Sausages and sausages.
- Roast.
- Fatty meat and fish.
- Sour fruits and berries.
- beans.
- Fresh vegetables that have not undergone heat treatment.
- Canning and pickles.
- Fatty and sour dairy products.
- Barley, millet, whole grains.
- Macaroni, pasta and vermicelli made from whole wheat flour.
- Fresh pastries and bread.
- Mushrooms.
- Nuts and seeds.
- Vinegar.
- Hot spices and sauces.
- Strong coffee, tea, carbonated drinks.
- Alcohol.
Diet number 1 for gastritis: principles and sample menu
Such a diet is recommended for people suffering from acute gastritis. A similar sparing regimen is prescribed for those with gastric or duodenal ulcers. The principles and rules are the same as above. In addition, doctors advise reducing salt intake, because it not only retains fluid in the body, but also irritates the mucous membrane. The standard calorie content in this mode should not exceed 2800-3000 calories per day. Let's look at a sample menu for the day, for a deeper understanding of the problem:
- Breakfast: rice porridge with milk, soft boiled egg, weak tea with milk.
- Snack: baked sweet apples with honey or sugar.
- Lunch: vegetable cream soup, turkey meatballs or steamed meatballs, mashed potatoes with milk, non-acidic fruit mousse.
- Snack: croutons, rosehip soup.
- Dinner: goulash of permitted vegetables, permitted fish, baked in milk, weak tea with milk.
- Snack before bed: banana, milk.
Diet for chronic gastritis
When the disease develops into a chronic form, dietary restrictions become vital for the patient. By following a diet, you can prevent acute attacks of the disease, significantly improving the quality of life. For different degrees of acidity, the menu may be slightly different, so it is worth discussing each case separately.
Diet for chronic gastritis with low acidity
The stomach begins to produce an insufficient amount of hydrochloric acid, food is digested much worse. The body cannot extract all the nutrients and trace elements it needs from it. Not only the mucous membrane of the organ itself, but also all systems of our body can suffer from it.
Principles of nutrition
- It is preferable to consume pureed, liquid and pureed foods.
- Acceptable consumption of acidic foods.
- During the period of remission, you can eat food fried in a small amount of oil.
- The temperature of the food can vary between +15-60°C.
- The total caloric content of the daily diet should be 2500-3000 calories.
Allowed and prohibited products
With gastritis with low acid, it is not difficult for me to put together, because it includes a wide variety of products. The consumption of meat, sausages, sausages and sausages, pastries and bread, fish, vegetables and fruits, various grains is allowed. It will be possible to include juices, compotes, pickles, soups, tea and coffee, milk and lactic acid products in the menu.
However, there are also restrictions, for example, you will have to give up too much fatty food. It is undesirable to consume goose meat, pork, salmon, fried doughnuts, sweets with cream and sweets. Fermentation and flatulence should not be activated from eaten vegetables, so it is better not to eat cabbage, beans, grapes, onions, garlic. In its pure form, milk is also not recommended, but as part of a meal or as an addition to tea or coffee, it will fit perfectly.
Nutrition for chronic gastritis with high acidity
In this type of disease, the stomach begins to produce an excessive amount of acid, which, so to speak, "digests" the surrounding tissues, further damaging the mucosa. Therefore, the menu should be much more economical than in the previous case.
Principles of nutrition
- No spicy food. Anything that can irritate the mucous membrane is immediately discarded.
- Products must be exclusively low-fat.
- Fried food is completely excluded, all food should be boiled, steamed or baked.
- It is better to puree the products and wipe them before use.
- Meals should be frequent and partial, and portions should be small.
- Daily salt intake can be increased to 8 grams.
- Caloric content per day should be in the range of 2200-2500 calories.
Allowed and prohibited products
The goal of a diet for this disease is to make the menu as frugal as possible, but at the same time diverse and nutritious. As in diet number 1, you will have to eat only boiled, steamed and baked vegetables, and choose only non-acidic fruits. They also need to be boiled, and ideally mashed. Consumption of lean meat and fish is allowed, it is also desirable to grind them carefully.
Sour milk with increased acidity is prohibited, but dairy products must be present in the diet. Porridges are cooked slowly, wiped if necessary, only weak meat broths are used for soups. It is better to refuse pickles, borscht, cabbage soup, okroshka and other sour dishes.
Diet for acute gastritis
Acute inflammation of the gastric mucosa can often be accompanied by severe pain and nausea. This phase requires immediate medical examination, lifestyle changes and diet. On the first day, it is better to completely abandon solid food, even mashed potatoes, and limit yourself to drinking warm water or light tea.
Until the second day, you can slowly consume foods from the diet number 1 list. Then you can already prepare liquid, paste or creamy soups, porridge from lean fish or meat, boiled soft-boiled eggs. You should not consume fresh vegetables and fruits, as well as other products from the prohibited list.
Diet for erosive gastritis
This type of gastritis is dangerous precisely because of the formation of ulcers on the mucous membrane, which can soon turn into full-fledged ulcers. To stop the symptoms and reduce the negative consequences, you will have to strictly follow the rules of nutrition:
- No fried, salted or smoked food, all dishes are just boiled, steamed or baked without crust.
- Fractional meals in small portions 5-6 times a day. The maximum weight of one meal is 170-180 grams.
- It is customary to drink a glass of warm water before eating.
- Sauces, hot spices, mayonnaise, dishes with flavor enhancers are completely excluded.
- Eat slowly, chewing each bite thoroughly.
- All food should be warm, not cold or hot.
The last meal should be set so that it remains 2 hours before bedtime.
Diet for atrophic gastritis
Diet for atrophic gastritis is the most important factor in the treatment process. Food is best taken regularly at the same time. Otherwise, you will have to follow the same recommendations already stated for the power system table no. 1. You can consume all the products from the list of allowed and reject the prohibited ones.
Food is eaten warm, pureed, steamed, boiled or baked. Fried and fatty, as well as sour, hot and salty, remain prohibited. Tobacco and alcoholic beverages are considered the main enemies of all types of gastritis, so it is best to leave them forever so as not to cause an acute condition.